Accessibility .png)
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Websites
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Documents
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| Idea Sheet for Accessible Playgrounds (Indiana DNR, 2009, 0.6 MB) |
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Agency Recreation Resources
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Websites
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Documents
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| USDA Forest Service Framework for Sustainable Recreation (June 2010, 1 MB) |
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Business Planning
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Websites
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Documents
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| Outdoor Recreation Business Plan Guidebook (Bureau of Reclamation, 2008, 2.6 MB) |
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Byways
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Websites
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Documents
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Children in Nature
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Websites
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| California Children in Nature Campaign: www.parks.ca.gov/cinc |
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Documents
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| Children and Nature Network Research and Studies 2009 |
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Children’s Nature Deficit: What We Know – and Don’t Know (Children & Nature Network, 2009)
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Shared Nature Experience as a Pathway to Strong Family Bonds (Children & Nature Network, 2009)
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Concession
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Websites
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Documents
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| Conservation |
| Websites |
| Greenprint Maryland: http://www.greenprint.maryland.gov/ |
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| Documents |
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Conservation Tools: An Evaluation and Comparison of the Use of Certain Land Preservation Mechanisms (Washington RCO, 2009)
Report (1.7 MB)
Appendix B (0.2 MB)
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Data Sources
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Websites
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Outdoor Industry Association: www.outdoorindustry.org/research.php
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Documents
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| Economic Impact |
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Websites
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Documents
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An Assessment of the Impact of Municipal Parks and Recreation Facilities and Programs on Business Activity in Texas (The Perryman Group, 2006, 1.8 MB)
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The NYS Park System: An Economic Asset To The Empire State (Political Economy Research Institute, 2009) Executive Summary and Full Report
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| Pathways to Prosperity: The Economic Impact of Investments in Bicycle Facilities (North Carolina DOT, 2004) |
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Trails and their Gateway Communities: A Case study of recreational use compatibility and economic impacts (Kazmierski, Kornmann, Marcouiller and Prey, 2009, 18.1 MB)
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Environmental Ethics
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Websites
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Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics: www.lnt.org/
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Documents
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Authority of the Resource (NAI Legacy Magazine)
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Guidelines for the Development of Frontcountry Leave No Trace Information
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Leave No Trace Cell Phone Use Guidance
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E-Toolkits
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Websites
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Community Toolbox – NPS Rivers, Trails & Conservation Assistance: www.nps.gov/phso/rtcatoolbox/index_comtoolbox.htm
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Park and Recreation Professionals Glossary: www.parks.ca.gov/pages/795/files/glossary_7-15-04_complete.pdf
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NEPA Net: http://ceq.eh.doe.gov/nepa/nepanet.htm
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Toolbox for the Great Outdoors: www.tools4outdoors.us
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Documents
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GPS Recreation
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Websites
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Documents
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Policy Review: GPS-based Recreational Activities in Park Areas (NPS, 2007)
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Grants
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Websites
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Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance: http://12.46.245.173/pls/portal30/CATALOG.TYP_ASSISTANCE_DYN.show
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Conservation Grants center: www.conservationgrants.com/environment.htm
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Environmental Grantmakers Association: www.ega.org
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FHWA Transportation Enhancements: www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/te/index.htm
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Foundation Center: http://foundationcenter.org
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Foundation Directory Online: http://fconline.fdncenter.org/
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Grants.Gov: www.grants.gov
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National Scenic Byways: www.bywaysonline.org/grants/
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National Transportation Enhancements Clearinghouse: www.enhancements.org/
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The Conservation Alliance: www.conservationalliance.com
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Tourism Cares: www.tourismcares.org
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Documents
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Greenways
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Websites
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Greenways Archive: http://wwwnew.lib.ncsu.edu/specialcollections/greenways/
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Documents
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Green Infrastructure: Smart Conservation for the 21st Century (The Conservation Fund, 2001)
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Protecting Open Space: Tools and Techniques for Texans (NPS)
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Heritage Recreation
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Websites
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Documents
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ACHP Policy on Archaeology, Heritage Tourism, and Education
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Economic Impact of Heritage Tourism Spending (Alliance of National Heritage Areas, 2005)
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Interpretation
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Websites
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National Association for Interpretation: www.interpnet.com
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Documents
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Creating More Meaningful Visitor Experiences: Planning for Interpretation and Education (Bureau of Reclamation, 2009, 1 MB)
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Journals
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Websites
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Environmental History: www.historycooperative.org/journals/eh/8.1/about.html
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Journal of Leisure Research: http://rptsweb.tamu.edu/Journals/JLR/
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Journal of Park & Recreation Administration: www.rpts.tamu.edu/Journals/JPRA/
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Leisure Sciences: www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/01490400.asp
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American Journal of Play: http://americanjournalofplay.org/index.htm
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Documents
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Parks
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Websites
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U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission: www.cpsc.gov
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Documents
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Bearproof Dumpster (USDA Forest Service, 2003)
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The Benefits of Parks: Why America Needs More City Parks and Open Space (The Trust for Public Land, 2006)
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The Excellent City Park System (The Trust for Public Land, 2006)
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Field Evaluation of Electronic Fee-collection Machines for Forest Service Recreation Sites (USDA Forest Service, 2000)
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Handbook for Public Playground Safety (U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission)
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Operation and Maintenance Manual for Hand Pumps (USDA Forest Service, 1999)
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Parks Safety Audit Form (City of Toronto)
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Segway Use in Parks (Segway, 2007)
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The State of the Great Outdoors (Resources for the Future, 2009)
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| Planning Guidance |
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Websites
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Documents
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Barriers to Implementing Protected Area Strategic Plans (Kohl, 2007, 1 MB)
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| Engaging Citizens in State Recreation Planning: Best Practices from Oregon (Waller, 2010, 1 MB) |
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Recreation Resource Planning Principles (NARRP, 2009, 1 MB)
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Restoring Dignity to Sound Professional Judgment (Haas, 2003, 5.7MB)
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Planning and Recreation Organizations
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Websites
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American Planning Association: www.planning.org
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George Wright Society: www.georgewright.org
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International Federation of Parks and Recreation Administration: www.ifpra.org
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National Association of County Parks and Recreation Officials: http://www.nacpro.org/
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National Association of State Park Directors: www.naspd.org
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National Recreation and Park Association: www.nrpa.org
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| Policy |
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Websites
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Documents
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Current Policy and Legal Issues Affecting Recreational Use of Public Lands in the American West (Resources for the Future, 2009)
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| Public Health & Wellness |
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Websites
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Documents
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Outdoor Recreation, Health and Wellness (Resources for the Future, 2009, 0.4 MB)
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Research Synthesis: Parks, Playground and Active Living (Active Living Research, 2010, 0.2 MB)
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| Solving the Problem of Childhood Obesity within a Generation (White House Task Force, May 2010, 2.9 MB) |
| The Road to Livability (AASHTO, April 2010, 1.1 MB) |
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Publishers
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Websites
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Sagamore Publishing: www.sagamorepub.com
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Venture Publishing: www.venturepublish.com
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Documents
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Recreation Conflict
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Websites
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Recreation Conflict - Applied Research Clearinghouse: http://urpl.wisc.edu/people/marcouiller/projects/clearinghouse/Applied%20Research%20Clearinghouse.html
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Documents
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Recreational User Conflict Resolution Principles (Pennsylvania DCNR, 1 MB)
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Recreation Research
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Websites
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Adventure Research Cache: http://webdb.iu.edu/Hperweb/iole/index.cfm
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Aldo Leopold Research Institute: www.leopold.wilderness.net
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Coalition for Education in the Outdoors: http://outdooredcoalition.org/research.htm
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Environmental Values and Demographic Research: http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/nrrt/nsre
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Internet Research Information Series (IRIS): http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/nrrt/nsre/IrisReports.html
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National Outdoor Leadership School: www.nols.edu/resources/research/
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National Park Service: www.nature.nps.gov/publications/index.cfm
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Natural Resources Research Information Pages: http://www4.ncsu.edu/~leung/nrrips.html
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Outdoor Education Research and Evaluation Center: www.wilderdom.com/research.php
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Recreation Ecology Research Network: www4.ncsu.edu/~leung/rern/
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USDA Forest Service: http://treesearch.fs.fed.us
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USDA Forest Service Technology and Development Centers
Missoula MT: www.fs.fed.us/eng/techdev/mtdc.htm
San Dimas CA: www.fs.fed.us/eng/techdev/sdtdc.htm
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Wilderness net: www.wilderness.net
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Documents
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Adaptive Management in Natural Parks (National Park Service, 2008, 1 MB)
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American Birders - Part 1, Their Numbers and Outdoor Activity Profiles (USDA Forest Service, 2008, 1 MB)
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American Indian and Alaskan Native Participation in Land-based Outdoor Recreation Activities (2005, 1 MB)
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A Behavioral Intervention Tool for Recreation Managers (National Park Service, 2008, 1 MB)
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Climate Change and Outdoor Recreation Resources (Morris and Walls, 2009, 1 MB)
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Coping in Outdoor Recreation: Causes and consequences of crowding and conflicts among community residents (Manning and Valliere, 2001, 1 MB)
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Eastern Metropolitan Residents’ Participation in Nature-based Outdoor Tourism Activities (USDA Forest Service, 2005, 1 MB)
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Evidence for a fundamental and pervasive shift away from nature-based recreation (National Academy of Sciences, 2008, 1 MB)
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Factors That Limit Compliance With Low-Impact Recommendations (Harding, Borrie and Cole, 2000, 1 MB)
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Hispanic Participation in Land-based Outdoor Recreation Activities (USDA Forest Service, 2004, 1 MB)
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Hispanic Participation in Viewing-Learning Outdoor Recreation Activities (USDA Forest Service, 2004, 1 MB)
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The Impact of Nature Experience on Willingness to Support Conservation (Zaradic et al, 2009)
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Measuring Specialization Among Birders: Utility of a Self-Classification Measure (Scott, Stoll and Eubanks, 2005, 1 MB)
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Off Highway Vehicle Recreation in the United States and its Regions and States(USDA Forest Service, 2008, 1 MB)
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Outdoor Recreation Behavior and Preferences in Urban Racial/Ethnic Groups: An Example from the Chicago Area (Dwyer and Barro, 2001, 1 MB)
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Platte River Birding and the Spring Migration: Humans, Value and Unique Ecological Resources (Stoll, Ditton and Eubanks, 2006, 1 MB)
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Retirees Participation in Outdoor Activities (USDA Forest Service, 2005, 1 MB)
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Role of Nonmarket Economic Values in Benefit-Cost Analysis of Public Forest Management (USDA Forest Service, 1996, 1 MB)
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Trends and Demographics of Off-road Vehicle Users (USDA Forest Service, 2004, 1 MB)
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Trends in Women’s Travel Patterns (Rosenbloom, 1 MB)
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Understanding the Diversity of Eight Birder Sub-populations (Eubanks, Stoll and Ditton, 2004, 1 MB)
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Use of Time for Outdoor Recreation in the United States 1965-2007 (Resources for the Future, 2009)
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Western and Mid-Western Metropolitan Residents’ Participation in Nature-based Outdoor Tourism Activities (USDA Forest Service, 2005, 1 MB)
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Women’s Travel Issues Conference (Proceedings, 1996, 1 MB)
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Restrooms
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Websites
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Documents
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Appalachian Trail Conference Backcountry Sanitation Manual (ATC, 2001)
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The Effectiveness of Vault-Toilet Odor-Control Products: An Update (USDA Forest Service, 2007)
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In-Depth Design and Maintenance Manual for Vault Toilets (USDA Forest Service, 1991)
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Sweet-smelling Toilet Installation Guide (USDA Forest Service, 2003)
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| Salary Studies |
| Websites |
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| Documents |
| National Salary Study of Outdoor Recreation Planners (NARRP, 2009, 1 MB) |
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Scenery Management
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Websites
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Documents
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An Ecological Aesthetic for Forest Landscape Management (Gobster, 1999)
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Arlington, Texas, Guidance for Locating Cell Towers
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Forests and Landscapes: Linking Ecology, Sustainability and Aesthetics (Gobster, 2001)
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Landscape Aesthetics: A Handbooks for Scenery Management (USDA Forest Service, 1995)
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Signage
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Websites
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NPS-Harpers Ferry Center: www.nps.gov/hfc/products.htm
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Documents
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Communicating Minimum Impacts Behavior on Bulletin Boards
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Comparing the Effectiveness of Interpretive Sanctioned Messages for Influencing Wilderness Visitors’ Intended Behavior (Duncan and Martin, 2002)
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Delaware and Lehigh National Heritage Corridor Design Guidelines (1995)
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Iowa Water Trail Sign Manual (Iowa DNR)
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NASBLA Universal Signage Recommendations
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National Park Service Editorial Style Guide (2007)
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National Park Service Map Standards (2005)
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Promoting Persuasion in Protected Areas (Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Centre, 2007)
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Sign Sense: Principals of Planning, Design, Fabrication and Installation (USDA Forest Service)
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Skagit Wild and Scenic River Sign Guide (USDA Forest Service, 2002)
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State Park Websites
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Websites
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Alabama: http://www.alapark.com/
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Alaska: http://www.dnr.state.ak.us/parks/
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Arizona: http://www.pr.state.az.us/
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Arkansas: http://www.arkansasstateparks.com/
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California: http://www.parks.ca.gov/
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Colorado: http://www.parks.state.co.us/
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Connecticut: http://www.ct.gov/dep/cwp/view.asp?a=2716&q=325086&depNav_GID=1650&depNav=|
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Delaware: http://www.destateparks.com/
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Florida: http://www.floridastateparks.org/
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Georgia: http://gastateparks.org/
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Hawaii: http://www.hawaiistateparks.org/
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Idaho: http://parksandrecreation.idaho.gov/
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Illinois: http://dnr.state.il.us/lands/landmgt/parks/
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Indiana: http://www.in.gov/dnr/parklake/
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Iowa: http://www.iowadnr.gov/parks/index.html
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Kansas: http://www.kdwp.state.ks.us/news/State-Parks
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Kentucky: http://parks.ky.gov/
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Louisiana: http://www.crt.state.la.us/parks/
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Maine: http://www.maine.gov/doc/parks/index.html
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Maryland http://www.dnr.state.md.us/publiclands/
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Massachusetts: http://www.mass.gov/dcr/forparks.htm
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Michigan: http://www.michigan.gov/dnr
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Minnesota: http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/state_parks/index.html
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Mississippi: http://home.mdwfp.com/Parks/Default.aspx
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Missouri: http://www.mostateparks.com/
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Montana: http://fwp.mt.gov/parks/default.html
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Nebraska: http://www.ngpc.state.ne.us/
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Nevada: http://parks.nv.gov/
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New Hampshire: http://www.nhparks.state.nh.us/
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New Jersey: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/parksandforests/
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New Mexico: http://www.emnrd.state.nm.us/PRD/
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New York: http://nysparks.com/
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North Carolina: http://www.ncparks.gov/Visit/main.php
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North Dakota: http://www.ndparks.com/
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Ohio: http://www.ohiostateparks.org
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Oklahoma: http://www.touroklahoma.com/
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Oregon: http://egov.oregon.gov/OPRD/index.shtml
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Pennsylvania: http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/
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Rhode Island: http://www.riparks.com/
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South Carolina: http://www.southcarolinaparks.com/
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South Dakota: http://www.sdgfp.info/Parks/
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Tennessee: http://www.state.tn.us/environment/parks/
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Texas: http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/spdest/
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Utah: http://stateparks.utah.gov/stateparks/
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Vermont: http://www.vtstateparks.com/
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Virginia: http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/
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Washington: http://www.parks.wa.gov/
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West Virginia: http://www.wvparks.com/
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Wisconsin: http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/land/parks/
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Wyoming: http://wyoparks.state.wy.us/
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| Sustainability |
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Websites
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Documents
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Sustainable Recreation powerpoint (Kreg Lindberg)
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USDA Forest Service Sustainable Recreation and Tourism Study Results (2009)
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Tourism
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Websites
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Artworks: www.nasaa-arts.org/artworks/aw_contents.shtml
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Civic Tourism: www.civictourism.org
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Cultural Heritage Tourism Planning: www.culturalheritagetourism.org
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Educational Travel Community: www.travelearning.com
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Heritage Tourism Toolkit - Utah Div. of State History: http://history.utah.org/httoolkit/
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International Ecotourism Society: www.ecotourism.org
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Michigan State U Extension – Tourism Area of Expertise Team: http://tourism.msu.edu/
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National Association of Gateway Communities: http://www.gatewaysusa.org/
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National Geographic - Geotourism: www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/sustainable/
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National Trust for Historic Preservation: www.nationaltrust.org/heritage_tourism/
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Nature Conservancy - ecotourism planning resources:
www.nature.org/aboutus/travel/ecotourism/
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Rural Tourism: www.nal.usda.gov/ric/ricpubs/tourism.html
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Tourism Business Dev. Toolbox - Center for Community Economic Dev.: www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/tourism/index.html
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Tribal Tourism Toolkit – Nat’l Assn. of Tribal Historic Preservation Officers: www.nathpo.org/Toolkit/NATHPO.pdf
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Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife – Nature Tourism: www.wdfw.wa.gov/wlm/tourism/benefitrisks.htm
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Documents
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Austin & Tonopah Ranger Districts Recreation and Tourism Framework Plan (USDA Forest Service, 2003)
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Economic Impact of Heritage Tourism Spending (Alliance of National Heritage Areas, 2005)
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Economic Impacts of National Heritage Area Visitor Spending; Summary Results from Seven National Heritage Area Visitor Surveys (Stynes and Sun, 2004)
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Guidelines on Biodiversity and Tourism Development (Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 2004)
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Recreation, Tourism, and Rural Well Being (USDA Forest Service, 2005)
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State of the American Traveler (Destination Analysts Inc, July 2008)
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State Parks and Gateway Communities: Development and Recreation Planning Issues in Wisconsin (Marcouiller, Olson and Prey, 2002)
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Tribal Tourism Toolkit (National Association of Tribal Historic Preservation Officers, 2002)
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Trail Resources
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Websites
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Abilities Centre: www.abilitiescentre.org/resources.html
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American Trails: www.americantrails.org
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Equestrian Land Conservation Resource: www.elcr.org/index.php
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Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access: www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/sidewalk2/pdf.htm
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FHWA Recreational Trails Program: www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/rectrails/
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International Mountain Bicycling Association: www.imba.com
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Leave No Trace: www.lnt.org
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National Off-Highway Vehicle Conservation Council: http://nohvcc.org
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NPS-North County Trail handbook: www.nps.gov/noco/parkmgmt/planning.htm
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NPS- Rivers Trails and Conservation Assistance: www.nps.gov/ncrc/programs/rtca/helpfultools/ht_publications.html
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Partnership for the National Trails System: www.nationaltrailspartnership.org/index1.asp
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Rails to Trail Conservancy: www.railstotrails.org
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Tread Lightly: http://treadlightly.org
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University of MN Extension, Recreational Trail Design & Construction: www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/naturalresources/DD6371.html#trail7
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USDA Forest Service, National Trail Drawings and Specifications: www.fs.fed.us/.ftproot/pub/acad/dev/trails/trails.htm
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Documents
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Anchoring Trail Marker Signs in Rocky Areas (USDA Forest Service, 2005)
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Assessing and Understanding Trail Degradation: Results from Big South Fork National River and Recreational Area (Marion, 2006)
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Backpack for Chainsaw (USDA Forest Service, 2001)
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Collision Course: Off-road Vehicle Impacts on Hunting and Fishing (Izaak Walton League of America, 2007)
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Comparing Relative Impacts of Various Trail User Groups (Keen, 1997)
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Geosynthetics for Trails (USDA Forest Service, 2000)
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Gravel Bags for Packstock (USDA Forest Service, 1995)
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Handtools for Trail Work (USDA Forest Service, 2005)
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Hawaii Public Lands Liability (Hawaii DNR, 2006)
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Mechanized Trail Equipment (USDA Forest Service, 1996)
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Minnesota Bikeways Manual (Minnesota DOT, 1996)
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Pathways to Prosperity: The Economic Impact of Investments in Bicycle Facilities (North Carolina DOT, 2004)
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Managing Degraded OHV Trails in Wet, Unstable, and Sensitive Environments (USDA Forest Service, 2002)
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Off-Highway Motorcycle and ATV Trails Guidelines for Design, Construction, Maintenance and User Satisfaction (Wernex, 1994)
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Ontario’s Best Trails: Guidelines and Best Practices for the Design, Construction and Maintenance of Sustainable Trails for all Ontarians (Trails for all Ontarians Collaborative, 2006)
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Pennsylvania Trail Town Manual (Allegheny Trail Alliance, 2005)
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Pennsylvania Trail Design Manual for Off-Highway Recreational Vehicles (Pennsylvania DCNR, 2004)
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Portable Rock Crusher for Trails (USDA Forest Service, 2004)
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Soil Stabilizers on Universally Accessible Trails (USDA Forest Service, 2000)
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Stock Drawn Trail Equipment (USDA Forest Service, 1996)
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Trail Construction and Maintenance Handbook (USDA Forest Service, 2007)
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Trail Ethics from Selected Park Districts
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Trails and their Gateway Communities: A Case study of recreational use compatibility and economic impacts (Kazmierski, Kornmann, Marcouiller and Prey, 2009, 18.1 MB)
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Wetland Trail Design and Construction (USDA Forest Service, 2007)
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Training/Education
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Websites
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Arthur Carhart National Wilderness Training Center: http://carhart.wilderness.net
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Bureau of Land Management, National Training Center: www.blm.gov/ntc/st/en.html
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Eppley Institute: www.eppley.org
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National Conservation Training Center: http://training.fws.gov
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National Trails Training Partnership: www.americantrails.org/nttp/default
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Natural Resources Distance Learning Consortium: http://nrdlc.iddl.vt.edu/
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Documents
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Visitor Capacity
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Websites
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Documents
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| Applying Judicial Doctrine to Visitor Capacity Decision Making (Haas, 2002, 0.3 MB) |
| Capacity Reconsidered: Finding Consensus and Clarifying Differences (Whittaker, Shelby, Manning, Cole, Haas, 2010, 1 MB) |
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Estimating Future Recreation Demand: A Decision Guide for the Practitioner (Bureau of Reclamation, 2007)
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Limits of Acceptable Change and Natural Resource Planning: When is LAC Useful, and When is it Not? (Cole and McCool, 1998)
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Visitor Capacity on Public Lands and Waters (Haas, 2002)
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Visitor Experience Management
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Websites
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Documents
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Developing a Sustainable Customer Experience Management Plan for Public Land Management (Hoversten and Menzel-Baker, 2007, 1 MB)
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Project Planning ROS User's Guide, Chapter 60 (USDA Forest Service, 1987, 1 MB)
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ROS on Non-federal Lands in the Northeast (USDA Forest Service, 2003, 1 MB)
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ROS Users Guide (USDA Forest Service, 1982, 6 MB)
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The Recreation Opportunity Spectrum: A Framework for Planning, Management, and Research (Clark and Stankey, 1979, 1 MB)
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VERP: The Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP) Framework A Handbook for Planners and Managers (National Park Service, 1997, 1 MB)
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Water Recreation Opportunity Spectrum PowerPoint Presentation (Haas, 6 MB)
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Water Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Users’ Guidebook (Bureau of Reclamation, 2004, 4 MB)
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Water Recreation
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Websites
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American Canoe Association: www.americancanoe.org
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American Rivers: www.americanrivers.org
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American Whitewater: www.americanwhitewater.org
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Blue Trails Guide: http://www.bluetrailsguide.org/
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NPS- Rivers Trails and Conservation Assistance: www.nps.gov/ncrc/programs/rtca/helpfultools/ht_publications.html
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River Management Society: www.river-management.org
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Documents
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Case Studies of Water Trail Impacts on Rural Communities (Johnson, 2002)
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Guidelines for Paddling Trail Development (Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission, 2007)
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Iowa Small Footprint Water Access (Iowa Skunk River Paddlers)
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Logical Lasting Launches (National Park Service, 2004)
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Major Rivers: A Texas Water Education Program (Texas Water Development Board, 2007)
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Major Rivers Sample Teachers Guide (Texas Water Development Board, 2006)
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Practices, Ethics and Conduct (American Canoe Association)
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